Wills and Trusts Essay Example for Free

Wills and institutionalises EssayFacts gobbler is trustee of a trust created by Abe in 1986.The corpus consists of stocks and bonds worth $150,000, an apartment house appraised at $650,000 in a neighborhood which is becoming increasingly industrial, and a vacant lot. Yearly net income from the stocks and bonds is $12,000, and from the apartment house is $36,000. Tom has held the lot for five years, non wanting to sell it at a sacrifice because of the uncertainty of zoning and the location of a proposed highway. The trust cats-paw directs Tom to pay the income from the trust to Abe for animation and, at Abes death, to divide the corpus between Abes children, Ben and Cathy to create two trusts. The two trusts are to continue for Bens and Cathys lives and then to be distributed to their children who are living when Ben or Cathy die.At the end of 1991, Tom sold the vacant lot for $50,000, the fair market value. He also sold some stocks for $35,000, realizing a $10,000 gain. To m used this specie along with $25,000 of compile rental income to build an addition to the apartment house. In another 1991 transaction Tom sold for $25,000 stocks that had been purchased in 1989 for $25,000, and lent the proceeds to PO Corp. at 1% below the prevailing interest rate. The loan is secured by a first mortgage on unimproved realty worth $30,000. For some(prenominal) years, Tom has performed substantial services for PO Corp. as a consulting engineer. He owns 100 shares of its common stock. There are 1,000,000 PO shares outstanding.In 1992, Tom allowed Ben to transmit into the apartment building. Ben got Tom to reduce the rent by $cc per calendar month. Since Ben is an eventual beneficiary of the trust, he argued that he would simply let Cathy have more of the Trust silver when Abe died to balance things out.Issue (1)Whether or not Tom breached his duties as trustee and, if so, what are his liabilities to the beneficiaries?Rule The issue in the case at prevention is covered by the law on Trusts, which is basically formed by an arrangement whereby a property or a wealth owned by a person is managed by one person or an organization for the benefit of an individual or an organization. Relevant to this rule are the rights, duties and responsibilities of the settlor the person creating the trusts, the trustee the person for whom the property is entrusted, and the beneficiary the individual for which the benefits of the trust is reposed.Analysis It bears stressing at this point that an examination of the rights and duties of the parties, specially that of the trustee, to a trust is imperative in result the instant issue. As trustee, Toms duty is to carry out the express terms of the trust. To be able to do the express terms of the trust, he is duty bound to defend the trust, to prudently invest the trusts assets, to be impartial with respect to the beneficiaries, keeping them informed about the trust and to administer the same in the best intere st of the beneficiaries. Additionally, Tom has the duty not to delegate, the duty not to profit and not to engage in activities that may result in scrap of interest position. With the forgoing considerations and upon close perusal of the particulars of the case, Tom has breached his duties as a trustee. The express duty of Tom is the extraditey of the income of the trust to Abe for life. As it is, Tom performed acts that disadvantage Abes interest in the income of the trust. When Tom sold some of the stocks and realized a $10, 000 gain, he should have delivered the same to Abe since it forms part of the income of the trust. The same is true with the accumulated rental income. It should not have been used to build an addition to the apartment house since it forms part of the income which should be delivered to Abe. Tom is also liable for engaging in activities resulting to conflict of interest position. Notwithstanding the amount involved, his act of lending at 1% below the prevai ling interest rate the proceeds of the sale of stocks to PO Corporation for which he renders services as a consulting engineer constitutes a breach of obligation on his part as trustee. In the first place, he is not authorized by the express letter of the trust to grant loans using the properties in trust. The breach was further aggravated when he lent the money to a corporation for which he owns shares of stocks and for which he is rendering substantial services. Furthermore, the act of Tom in renting the apartment building to Ben at $200 per month less than the prevailing rent is also violative of his duties as a trustee. This would result in the reduction of the income from the apartment building by $2400 per annum to the detriment of Abe. The fact that Ben is an eventual beneficiary is of no moment. Ben has a future interest in the property but this does neither include the right to present possession nor delight of the property. Since Abe is still living, it is only he who has the right to the income and enjoyment of the corpus as well as the income of the trust.Conclusion Based on the analysis made above, it is pinch that Tom has breached his duties as trustee. His only liability is to Abe who was not able to receive all the income of the trust. As intimated above, Tom has no liability whatsoever to Cathy for like Ben, she is merely a remainderman who has a future interest in the corpus of the trust. She can neither possess nor enjoy the fruits of the trust while Abe is still living.Issue (2) Whether or not Abe received all the income to which he is entitled?Rule The rule applicable to this issue is the express provision of the trust instrument itself. The trust instrument directed Tom to 1) deliver all income from the trust to Abe while the latter(prenominal) is still living 2) divide the corpus between Ben and Cathy, Abes children upon the demise of the latter and 3) distribute the same to their children who are living when Ben or Cathy die(Palermo) .Analysis A perusal of the facts of the case reveals that Abe was not able to receive all income that is due him. He was deprived of the $10, 000 gain realized from the sale of some of his stocks worth $35, 000. He was also deprived of the $25, 000 accumulated rental income. Both income were used by Tom to build an addition to the apartment house, when what he should have done according to the clear letters of the trust is to deliver the same to Abe. Abe was also deprived of $200 per month when Tom reduced the rent by said amount to the apartment building when Ben, an eventual beneficiary, moved in.ConclusionBy not adhering to the letters of the trust instrument, Tom has in effect deprived Abe of the income that the latter is supposed to be entitled to. The trust instrument clearly directed Tom to deliver all income of the trust to Abe for life.ReferencePalermo M. (2006). Crash Course in Wills And Trusts. Electronic article http//www.mtpalermo.com/httoc.htm